基于空心碳球的超黑涂层的制备与性能研究

针对空间光学系统中的杂散光抑制难题,设计并制备了基于空心碳球(HCS)的超黑涂层。对涂层的颜基比进行优化,发现在最佳颜基比1∶2的条件下,可获得高达0.983的太阳吸收比,结合力等级为2级,符合应用要求。研究表明:在涂层成膜过程中,黏合剂并未进入HCS中空部分,保留的亚波长小孔可有效降低涂层表观折射率,从而降低涂层在太阳波段上的反射率;HSC团聚形成的颗粒有助于涂层形成微米级陷光结构,进一步提高涂层的太阳吸收比。     

BN/SiBCN light-leakage-proof coatings of silica optical fiber for long term sensors at high temperatures

SiBCN and BN/SiBCN light-leakage-proof coatings were prepared on silica optical fibers for sensing applications at high temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology and microstructure of the coated fiber. Mechanical and optical properties of the coated fiber were characterized by Raman, optical and tensile tests. Compared with the original fiber, the tensile strength of SiBCN and BN/SiBCN coated fiber show an increase of about 60% and 90% at room temperature, respectively. In addition, the tensile strength of BN/SiBCN coated silica optical fiber was increased by about 42% at 700 °C. It has been found that the improvement of the strength of BN/SiBCN coated silica optical fiber is related to the healing of defects and residual compressive stress in fibers. From the light transmittance performance of the coated fiber, it was found that BN/SiBCN double coating could be an ideal total reflection solution to protect silica optical fiber from light leakage during high temperature sensing operation.     

一种基于空芯光子晶体光纤的气体检测装置研究

光谱分析技术在大气污染检测领域具有广泛的应用前景。文章从吸收光谱的测量原理出发,提出一种基于空芯光子晶体光纤的气体检测装置实验方案,通过对不同浓度的甲醇和三氯乙烯样品进行测量,并根据3标准对测量结果进行分析,发现系统对甲醇和三氯乙烯的检测灵敏度可以达到ppmv量级。     

航天器热防护材料的发展概述

文章简要介绍新型航天器的热防护材料的发展概况,重点介绍国内外碳/碳复合材料、超高温陶瓷材料、陶瓷基复合材料及新型隔热材料等热防护材料研究工作及其在飞行器上的应用,并对防隔热材料的发展趋势作简要评述.     

C/SiC复合材料推力室应用研究

C/SiC复合材料密度低、耐高温、抗氧化、抗烧蚀,并且具有非常好的高温力学性能,是制备高性能液体火箭发动机推力室的理想材料.本文从C/SiC复合材料燃烧室结构计算、无损探伤及C/SiC与金属连接等方面,论述了上海空间研究所在C/SiC复合材料应用于液体火箭发动机推力室方面的基础研究及应用进展.     

利用全光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪对二极管激光器瞬态特性进行表征

可调谐二极管激光器在电流调谐过程中的瞬态特性,包括瞬态输出波长和线宽等光学参数,在TDLAS系统中是一个重要的参数需要进行实时准确的测定。而常规的测量方法无法同时满足高精度与高速度的要求,因此,对短光纤延迟差拍法测量TDL的动态特性进行了理论分析和实验研究,搭建测试系统,确定了光纤延迟线长度与调谐率对差拍信号纯度的影响...     

Research of Optical Fiber Coil Winding Model Based on Large-deformation Theory of Elasticity and Its Application

Optical fiber coil winding model is used to guide proper and high precision coil winding for fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) application. Based on the large-deformation theory of elasticity, stress analysis of optical fiber free end has been made and balance equation of infinitesimal fiber is deduced, then deformation equation is derived by substituting terminal conditions. On condition that only axial tensile force exists, approximate curve equation has been built in small angle deformation scope. The comparison of tangent point longitudinal coordinate result between theory and approximation gives constant of integration, and expression with tangent point as origin of coordinate is readjusted. Analyzing the winding parameters of an example, it is clear that the horizontal distance from the highest point of wheel to fiber tangent point has millimeter order of magnitude and significant difference with fiber tension variation, and maintains invariant when wheel radius changes. The height of tension and accurate position of tangent point are defined for proper fiber guide. For application to fiber optic gyroscope, spiral-disc winding method and nonideal deformation of straddle section are analyzed, and then spiral-disc quadrupole pattern winding method has been introduced and realized by winding system. The winding results approve that the winding model is applicable.     

耐高温双马树脂体系

研究了803树脂的反应特性、流变特性,MT300/803复合材料的耐热性能和力学性能,并分析了复合材料的微观形貌.结果表明:803树脂具有很高的活性、良好的流动性及工艺性;MT300/803复合材料具有优异的耐高温性能,DMA储能模量转变点约为300℃,T<,d><'5>为396℃,其室温、高温力学性能优异;803树脂与MT300碳纤维界面强度高、匹配性好.综合分析,803树脂及其复合材料具有优异的耐高温性能,可推广应用于航天高性能耐高温结构复合材料领域.     

碳纤维增强超高温陶瓷基复合材料的性能与微结构

利用前驱体浸渍、裂解方法制备了两种超高温陶瓷基复合材料,并对材料的力学性能进行了评价.采用SEM、EDS表征手段分析了材料复合过程中的微观结构特征,获得了工艺过程中碳纤维、基体、界面特征及其变化规律.结果表明,材料致密化周期减少,热处理时间缩短,对纤维的损伤减轻,能充分提高碳纤维的强度利用率,从而提高材料的力学性能.     

碳纤维复合材料与金属的钎焊试验研究

重点针对碳纤维复合材料与2种金属(钛合金、铌合金)采用含Ti钎料进行了真空钎焊试验,分析了钛合金、铌合金对含Ti钎料真空钎焊碳纤维复合材料与金属接头性能和质量的影响,并观察了碳纤维复合材料和钛合金、铌合金的连接界面的微观组织.研究结果对于碳纤维复合材料与金属的连接、结构优化设计及在重要航天器中的应用具有重要的参考价值.